Synonyms: Dalmatian, Madonna, Magnolia.Ĭalimyrna-The California commercial fig. The fruit is ruined by excessive rain since it has open eyes. Well adapted in the southwest and drier areas of the south. Synonyms: Bianci, Lemon, Marseilles, Mayes Yellow, White Marseilles, White Russian.īrunswick-A medium to large fig with bronzy yellow skin and rich flavor. Some specimens produce fruit that have open eyes others have fruit with relatively closed eyes. Sweet and delicate flavor with a nutty texture from the soft seeds. A medium to large greenish yellow fig with white pulp and many seeds. Wood is very hardy.īlanche-An old, reliable variety usually called Lemon in the south. Synonyms: Chico, Grosse Verte, Nebian, Strawberry, Verdone.Īlma-A small- to medium-size golden brown, pear-shaped (pyriform) fig with amber pulp. Well adapted in the Northwest but disappointing in the South. Turbinate (top-shaped) with a small neck or no neck. There are many varieties of edible figs that fall into the following three fruiting classes:Īdriatic-A medium-size green to greenish yellow fig shaped like a top, with light strawberry pulp and good flavor. Caprifigs bear both male and female flowers but are generally unpalatable because they are rather dry and pithy and have chaffy stamen structures. There are two basic types of figs: caprifigs and edible figs. One medium-size fig (approximately 50 grams) has 37 calories, 10 grams carbohydrates, and 1.5 grams dietary fiber, which is slightly more than in an equivalent amount of banana fruit. Figs produce a milky substance called latex, which itself contains an enzyme called facin that degrades protein.įigs are an excellent source of antioxidants and nutrients. Ostioles may or may not be present, depending on the type of fig. At the distal end of the syconium is an opening called an ostiole or eye, which allows the entrance of a pollinating wasp. When we eat a fig, we are eating the container that holds the true fruit. The tiny drupelets that develop from these flowers are the true fruit. The fig is a syconium, which is a fleshy stem with a hollow receptacle that envelops many tiny flowers. The leaves can be rather large (width of 12 inches) with three to five deep or shallow lobes. In the southeastern United State, however, maximum heights are typically 15 to 25 feet because of cold injury. pumila, the fruits of which are edible but not cultivated.įig trees are deciduous plants that can grow as high as 60 feet in some regions of the world. Hybrids are possible with a few other species including F. The only Ficus cultivated for its fruit is the species F. Ficus is a large genus with some 2,000 tropical and subtropical tree, shrub, and vine species distributed around the warmer parts of the world. The common fig is a member of the genus Ficus, which is in the family Moraceae (mulberries).
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